Month: April 2008

  • Happy Walpurgisnacht continued:

    And an especially Faustian
    Walpurgis Night to
    Harvard University, home of
    Robert Langdon, fictional professor
    of Religious Symbology --

    http://www.log24.com/log/pix08/080430-Langdon489.jpg

    "That corpse you planted
              last year in your garden,
      Has it begun to sprout?
              Will it bloom this year? 
      Or has the sudden frost
              disturbed its bed?"

    -- T. S. Eliot, "The Waste Land"

    From Log24 last September:

    Rachel Cobb photo of man returning a crucifix to Huichol village chapel

    A man returns a crucifix
    to a Huichol village chapel.

    Photo by Rachel Cobb
    for National Geographic

  • Happy Walpurgisnacht, Julie:

    Lucy in the Sky
    with Diamonds
    and Sacred Heart

    PARIS -- Albert Hofmann, the mystical Swiss chemist who gave the world
    LSD, the most powerful psychotropic substance known, died Tuesday at
    his hilltop home near Basel, Switzerland. He was 102.

    Related material:

    Star and Diamond: A Tombstone for Plato

    and
    a film by Julie Taymor,
    Across the Universe:

    Across the Universe DVD

    Detail of the
    Strawberry Fields Forever
    Sacred Heart:

    Strawberry Fields Sacred Heart from 'Across the Universe'


    A song:

    Julie Taymor

    Julie Taymor

    "Shinin' like a diamond,
    she had tombstones
    in her eyes.
    "

    -- Album "The Dark,"
    by Guy Clark

    For related tombstones,
    see May 16-19, 2006,
    and April 19, 2008.

     Further background:
    Art Wars for
    Red October.

  • Annals of Philosophy, continued:

    Calendar Catechism

    Q: If the opposite of Christmas (December 25) is Anti-Christmas (June 25), and the opposite of Halloween (October 31) is May Day (May 1), then what is the opposite of April 30?

    A: October 30... Devil's Night!

  • Religious Art, continued...

    Sacerdotal Jargon
    at Harvard:

    Thomas Wolfe

    Thomas Wolfe
    (Harvard M.A., 1922)

    versus

    Rosalind Krauss

    Rosalind Krauss
    (Harvard M.A., 1964,
    Ph.D., 1969)


    on

    The Kernel of Eternity

    "No culture has a pact with eternity."
    --
    George Steiner, interview in  
    The Guardian of April 19

    "At that instant he saw,
    in one blaze of light, an image
    of unutterable
    conviction....
    the core of life, the essential
    pattern whence all other
    things
    proceed, the kernel of eternity."

    -- Thomas Wolfe, Of Time
    and the River, quoted in
    Log24 on June 9, 2005

    From today's online Harvard Crimson:

    "... under
    the leadership of Faust,
    Harvard students should look forward
    to an
    ever-growing opportunity for
    international experience
    and artistic
    endeavor."


    Wolfgang Pauli as Mephistopheles

    Pauli as Mephistopheles
    in a 1932 parody of
    Goethe's
    Faust at Niels Bohr's
    institute in Copenhagen

    From a recent book
    on Wolfgang Pauli,
    The Innermost Kernel:

    Pauli's Dream Square (square plus the two diagonals)

    A belated happy birthday
    to the late
    Felix Christian Klein
      (born on April 25) --

    The Klein Group: The four elements in four colors, with black points representing the identity

    Another Harvard figure quoted here on Dec. 5, 2002:

    "The theory of poetry, that is to say, the total of the theories of
    poetry, often seems to become in time a mystical theology or, more
    simply, a mystique. The reason for this must by now be clear. The
    reason is the same reason why the pictures in a museum of modern art
    often seem to become in time a mystical aesthetic, a prodigious search
    of appearance, as if to find a way of saying and of establishing that
    all things, whether below or above appearance, are one and that it is
    only through reality, in which they are reflected or, it may be, joined
    together, that we can reach them. Under such stress, reality changes
    from substance to subtlety, a subtlety in which it was natural for
    Cézanne to say: 'I see planes bestriding each other and sometimes
    straight lines seem to me to fall' or 'Planes in color.... The
    colored area where shimmer the souls of the planes, in the blaze of the
    kindled prism, the meeting of planes in the sunlight.' The conversion
    of our Lumpenwelt went far beyond this. It was from the point
    of view of another subtlety that Klee could write: 'But he is one
    chosen that today comes near to the secret places where original law
    fosters all evolution. And what artist would not establish himself
    there where the organic center of all movement in time and space-- which
    he calls the mind or heart of creation-- determines every function.'
    Conceding that this sounds a bit like sacerdotal jargon, that is not
    too much to allow to those that have helped to create a new reality, a
    modern reality, since what has been created is nothing less."

    -- Wallace Stevens, Harvard College Class of 1901, "The Relations between Poetry and Painting" in The Necessary Angel (Knopf, 1951)

    From a review of Rosalind Krauss's The Optical Unconscious  (MIT Press hardcover, 1993):

    Krauss is concerned to present Modernism less in terms of its history
    than its structure, which she seeks to represent by means of a kind of
    diagram
    : "It is more interesting to think of modernism as a graph or
    table than a history." The "table" is a square with diagonally
    connected corners, of the kind most likely to be familiar to readers as
    the Square of Opposition, found in elementary logic texts since the
    mid-19th century. The square, as Krauss sees it, defines a kind of
    idealized space "within which to work out unbearable contradictions
    produced within the real field of history." This she calls, using the
    inevitable gallicism, "the site of Jameson's Political Unconscious" and
    then, in art, the optical unconscious, which consists of what Utopian
    Modernism had to kick downstairs, to repress, to "evacuate... from
    its field."

    -- Arthur C. Danto in ArtForum, Summer 1993

    Rosalind Kraus in The Optical Unconscious (MIT Press paperback, 1994):

    For a presentation of the Klein Group, see Marc Barbut, "On the Meaning of the Word 'Structure' in Mathematics," in Introduction to Structuralism, ed. Michael Lane (New York: Basic Books, 1970). Claude Lévi-Strauss uses the Klein group in his analysis of the relation between Kwakiutl and Salish masks in The Way of the Masks, trans. Sylvia Modelski (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1982), p. 125; and in relation to the Oedipus myth in "The Structural Analysis of Myth," Structural Anthropology, trans. Claire Jackobson [sic] and Brooke Grundfest Schoepf (New York: Basic Books, 1963). In a transformation of the Klein Group, A. J. Greimas has developed the semiotic square, which he describes as giving "a slightly different formulation to the same structure," in "The Interaction of Semiotic Constraints," On Meaning (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1987), p. 50. Jameson uses the semiotic square in The Political Unconscious (see pp. 167, 254, 256, 277) [Fredric Jameson, The Political Unconscious: Narrative as a Socially Symbolic Act (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1981)], as does Louis Marin in "Disneyland: A Degenerate Utopia," Glyph, no. 1 (1977), p. 64.

    For related non-sacerdotal jargon, see...

    Wikipedia on the Klein group (denoted V, for Vierergruppe):

    In this representation, V is a normal subgroup of the alternating group A4 (and also the symmetric group S4) on 4 letters. In fact, it is the kernel of a surjective map from S4 to S3. According to Galois theory,
    the existence of the Klein four-group (and in particular, this
    representation of it) explains the existence of the formula for
    calculating the roots of quartic equations in terms of radicals.

    For radicals of another sort, see A Logocentric Meditation, A Mass for Lucero, and [update of 7 PM] Steven Erlanger in today's New York Times-- "France Still Divided Over Lessons of 1968 Unrest."

    For material related to Klee's phrase mentioned above by Stevens, "the organic center of all movement in time and space," see the following Google search:

    April 29, 2008, Google search on 'penrose space time'

    Click on the above
     image for details.

    See also yesterday's
    Religious Art.

  • Annals of Aesthetics, continued;

    Religious Art

    The black monolith of
    Kubrick's 2001 is, in
    its way, an example
    of religious art.

    Black monolith, proportions 4x9

    One artistic shortcoming
    (or strength-- it is, after
    all, monolithic) of
    that artifact is its
    resistance to being
    analyzed as a whole
    consisting of parts, as
    in a Joycean epiphany.

    The following
    figure does
    allow such
      an epiphany.

    A 2x4 array of squares

    One approach to
     the epiphany:

    "Transformations play
      a major role in
      modern mathematics."
    - A biography of
    Felix Christian Klein

    The above 2x4 array
    (2 columns, 4 rows)
     furnishes an example of
    a transformation acting
    on the parts of
    an organized whole:

    The 35 partitions of an 8-set into two 4-sets

    For other transformations
    acting on the eight parts,
    hence on the 35 partitions, see
    "Geometry of the 4x4 Square,"
    as well as Peter J. Cameron's
    "The Klein Quadric
    and Triality" (pdf),
    and (for added context)
    "The Klein Correspondence,
    Penrose Space-Time, and
    a Finite Model
    ."

    For a related structure--
      not rectangle but cube-- 
    see Epiphany 2008.

  • Annals of Aesthetics, continued:

    Happy Birthday
     
    to the late
    Gian-Carlo Rota,
    mathematician and
    scholar of philosophy
    Rota* on his favorite philosopher:

    "I believe Husserl to be the greatest philosopher of all times....

    Intellectual honesty is the striking quality of Husserl's writings. He wrote what he honestly believed to be true, neither more nor less. However, honesty is not clarity; as a matter of fact, honesty and clarity are at opposite ends. Husserl proudly refused to stoop to the demands of showmanship that are indispensable in effective communication."

    B.C. by Hart, April 27, 2008:  Discovery of the Wheel and of the Diamond

    Related material:
     
    The Diamond Theorem

     

    * Gian-Carlo Rota, "Ten Remarks on Husserl and Phenomenology," in O.K. Wiegand et al. (eds.), Phenomenology on Kant, German Idealism, Hermeneutics and Logic, pp. 89-97, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2000

  • Annals of Aesthetics:

    Mere Philosophy

    In Memory of
    Edmund Husserl

    "Mereology (from the Greek μερος,
    'part')
    is the theory of parthood relations:
    of the
    relations of part to whole and the
    relations of part to part within a
    whole.
    Its roots can be traced back to
    the early days of philosophy...."

    -- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy

    "Beauty is the proper conformity
    of the parts to one another
    and to the whole."

    -- Classic definition quoted   
    by Werner Heisenberg
    (Log24, May 18-20, 2005)

    "It seems, as one becomes older,
    That the past has another
    pattern,
          and ceases to be a mere
    sequence...."

    -- T. S. Eliot, Four Quartets

    A Walsh function and a corresponding finite-geometry hyperplane

    See also Time Fold
    and Theme and Variations.

  • ART WARS continued:

    Destabilizing
    the Locus

    "It is the intention
     of this piece
     to destabilize the locus
      of that authorial act...."

    -- Yale art student
        Aliza Shvarts,
    quoted today in
    The Harvard Crimson

    From Log24 on
    March 14:


    Rite of Spring

    From the online 
    Harvard Crimson --

    Anatomy exhibit at the Harvard Women's Center

    Related material:

    A figure from  
    Monday's entry --

    Mandorla from center of ovato tondo

    -- and  
    June 30, 2007's
    Annals of Theology,
    with a link to a film:
    The Center of the World.

    The center referred
    to in that film is the
    same generic "center"
    displayed at Harvard
    and in the above
    mandorla: not the
    Harvard Women's
    Center, but rather
    the women's center.

    See also Yeats --
    "the centre cannot hold,"

    Stevens --
    "the center of resemblance,"

    and Zelazny --
    "center loosens,
    forms again elsewhere
    ."

    Related material
    from Google:


    JSTOR: Killing Time
    with Mark Twain's Autobiographies

    ... frame "writing" within his own writing in order to destabilize the locus of his authorial voice and to promote a textual confusion that doubly displaces ...
    links.jstor.org/... - Similar pages

    Other ways
    of killing time:

    From Log24 on April 21, the date of Mark Twain's death--

    Psychoshop, by Alfred Bester and Roger Zelazny:

    His manner was all charm and grace; pure cafe society....



    He purred a chuckle. "My place. If you want to come, I'll show you."




    "Love to. The Luogo Nero? The Black Place?"




    "That's what the locals call it. It's really Buoco Nero, the Black Hole."




    "Like the Black Hole of Calcutta?"




    "No. Black Hole as in astronomy. Corpse of a dead star, but also channel between this universe and its next-door neighbor."

    The Pennsylvania Lottery
    yesterday, April 24, 2008:

    Mid-day 923, Evening 765....

    and hence Log24, 9/23 (2007), and page 765 of From Here to Eternity (Delta paperback, 1998):

    He stayed that way for eight days, never what you could really call drunk, but certainly never anywhere near sober, and always with a bottle of Georgette's expensive scotch in one hand and a glass in the other. He did not talk at all except to say "Yes" or "No," mostly "No," when confronted with a direct question, and he never ate anything when they were there. It was like living in the same house with a dead person.

  • Philosophy Wars continued:

    Dimensions

    George Steiner, interview in The Guardian of April 19:

    "No culture has a pact with eternity," he says. "The conditions which
    made possible the giants of the western poetic, aesthetic, philosophic
    tradition no longer really obtain." Steiner doesn't believe "there can
    be a Hamlet without a ghost, a Missa Solemnis without a missa," and if
    you say that the questions addressed by religion are "nonsense or baby
    talk or trivial, I don't believe that certain dimensions will be
    available to you. Particularly today, when the atheist case is being
    put, if I may say so, with such vulgarity of mind."

  • For Shakespeare's Birthday:

    Upscale Realism

    or, "Have some more
    wine and cheese, Barack."

    (See April 15, 5:01 AM)

     
    Allyn Jackson on Rebecca Goldstein
    in the April 2006 AMS Notices
    (pdf)

    "Rebecca Goldstein’s 1983 novel The
    Mind-Body Problem
    has been
    widely admired among mathematicians for its authentic depiction of
    academic life, as well as for its exploration of how philosophical
    issues impinge on everyday life. Her new book, Incompleteness: The
    Proof and Paradox of Kurt Gödel
    , is a volume in the 'Great
    Discoveries' series published by W. W. Norton....

    In March 2005 the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI) in
    Berkeley held a public event in which
    its special projects director, Robert Osserman, talked with Goldstein
    about her work. The conversation, which
    took place before an audience of about fifty people at the Commonwealth
    Club in San Francisco, was taped....

    A member of the audience posed a question that has been on the minds of
    many of Goldstein’s readers: Is The Mind-Body Problem based on
    her own life? She did indeed study philosophy at Princeton, finishing
    her Ph.D. in 1976 with a thesis titled 'Reduction, Realism, and the
    Mind.' She said that while there are correlations between her life and
    the novel, the book is not autobiographical....

    She... talked about the relationship between Gödel and his
    colleague at the Institute for Advanced Study,
    Albert Einstein. The two were very different: As Goldstein put it,
    'Einstein was a real mensch, and Gödel was very
    neurotic.' Nevertheless, a friendship sprang up between the two. It was
    based in part, Goldstein speculated, on
    their both being exiles-- exiles from Europe and intellectual exiles.
    Gödel's work was sometimes taken to mean
    that even mathematical truth is uncertain, she noted, while Einstein's
    theories of relativity were seen as implying
    the sweeping view that 'everything is relative.' These
    misinterpretations irked both men, said Goldstein. 'Einstein
    and Gödel were realists and did not like it when their work was
    put to the opposite purpose.'"

    Related material:

    From Log24 on
    March
    22
    (Tuesday of
    Passion Week), 2005:

    "'What is this Stone?' Chloe asked.... 'It is told that, when the Merciful One made the worlds, first of all He created that Stone and gave it to the Divine One whom the Jews call Shekinah, and as she gazed upon it the universes arose and had being.'"

    -- Many Dimensions,
    by Charles Williams, 1931

    For more on this theme
    appropriate to Passion Week --
    Jews playing God -- see

    The image “http://www.log24.com/log/pix05/050322-Trio.jpg” cannot be displayed, because it contains errors.

    Rebecca Goldstein
    in conversation with
    Bob Osserman
    of the
    Mathematical Sciences
    Research Institute
    at the
    Commonwealth Club,
    San Francisco,
    Tuesday, March 22.

    Wine and cheese
    reception at 5:15 PM
    (San Francisco time).

    From
    UPSCALE,
    a website of the
    physics department at
    the University of Toronto:

    Mirror Symmetry

    Robert Fludd: Universe as mirror image of God

    "The image [above]
    is a depiction of
    the universe as a
    mirror image
    of God,
    drawn by Robert Fludd
    in the early 17th century.

    The caption of the
    upper triangle reads:

    'That most divine and beautiful
    counterpart
    visible below in the
    flowing image of the universe.'

    The caption of the
    lower triangle is:

    'A
    shadow, likeness, or
    reflection of the insubstantial*
    triangle visible
    in the image
    of the universe.'"

    * Sic. The original is incomprehensibilis, a technical theological term. See Dorothy Sayers on the Athanasian Creed and John 1:5.

    For further iconology of the
    above equilateral triangles,
    see Star Wars (May 25, 2003),
    Mani Padme (March 10, 2008),
    Rite of Sping (March 14, 2008),
    and
    Art History: The Pope of Hope
    (In honor of John Paul II
    three days after his death
    in April 2005).

    Happy Shakespeare's Birthday.